The idea of branches of science are based on the fact that all sciences are concerned with describing, predicting and testing different entities or processes. For example, all physical sciences are primarily concerned with describing matter, its properties and forces. They then use various scientific methods to test these properties and determine their nature and properties. For example, in physics one can study the properties of heat, light, sound, magnetism and electricity and use this knowledge to build, test and demonstrate these properties using various techniques such as radiation testing, electrical discharges and even x-rays. The process of developing a branch of science is therefore, not an easy one.
Branches of science, like the ones mentioned above, come with many distinctions. These branches have their own hypothesis and discipline and they often contradict each other. The branches of science that contradict each other include: Astronomy, which include the study of celestial bodies such as the stars, planets and satellites; Botany which studies plants; Chemistry which includes the study of compounds; Industrial science that studies the production and handling of materials; Environmental science which is concerned with the study of the environment and the effect it has on living things; Engineering science which studies the design, development and manufacture of various types of physical structures; Geology which study the structure and composition of the earth; Medicine which take care of diseases; Physical science which studies the motion and structure of objects and their internal processes; and zoology which are related to animals. As we can see, the branches of science are not mutually exclusive and they frequently interrelate and influence each other.
There are also a few branches of science that have been around for quite a long time. One of them is English science which started back in the seventeenth century with such names as astronomy, zoology and botany and eventually evolved into chemistry, physics, physiology, zoology, geology and arithmetic. Even ancient Greek science made use of branches of astrology, optics, homeopathy, herbal medicine and astrological charts. Today, branches of science continue to influence developments in other disciplines both in the academic and industrial arenas.